Arthrology [qdeck]
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Fibrous joint – structure [a]This type of joint has a binding substance of dense fibrous connective tissue.
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Fibrous joint types – list [a]Sutures, gomphoses, syndesmoses
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suture – location[a]This type of joint binds the skull bones together.
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gomphosis – location[a]This type of joint is formed by a tooth and its alveolus.
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syndesmosis – structure [a]This type of joint is formed when the binding substance is ligament.
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Cartilaginous joint – structure [a]This type of joint is formed when the binding substance is cartilage.
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symphysis – structure [a]This type of joint is formed when there are two bones with disk of fibrocartilage between them.
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synchondrosis – structure [a]This type of joint is formed when the binding substance is hyaline cartilage. (e.g.sternocostal joints)
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Synovial joint – structure [a]This type of joint is formed by an articular capsule.
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What kind of cartilage covers the articulating surfaces of bones?[a]Hyaline cartilage
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periosteum – define[a]This is the highly vascular connective tissue which surrounds, protects and provides nourishment to bone.
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fibrous layer of a joint capsule – define[a]This layer surrounds the joint, protects deeper structures and interweaves with periosteum of articulating bones.
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synovial membrane – location[a]This is the deep layer of a joint capsule.
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intracapsular ligaments – location[a]This ligaments lie within the joint capsule space such as the cruciates of the knee.
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capsular ligaments – structure [a]This ligaments are actually thickenings in part of the capsule.
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Synarthrotic joints – list [a]This type of joints are Sutures, Gomphoses and Synchondroses. They don’t move.
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Amphiarthrotic joints – list [a]This type of joints are Syndesmoses and Symphyses. They move a little.
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What kind of movement do diarthrotic joints allow?[a]This type of joints are freely movable.
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non-axial joints – define[a]This type of joint has bones that glide across each other with surfaces that are flat.
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uni-axial joints – list types[a]HINGE and PIVOT
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bi-axial joints – list types [a] These joints include ELLIPSOID (e.g. wrist joint, first CMCJ) and saddle.
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tri-axial joints – list [a]BALL & SOCKET (hip and shoulder joints)
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Bursa – define[a]These are the “sacks” filled with synovial fluid within the synovial membrane.
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Tendon Sheath – define[a]This covers a tendon as a tubular extension of a snynovial joint membrane.
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Retinaculum – define[a]This is the band of thickened fascia which serves as a restraint for groups of tendons to prevent a “bowstring” effect.
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SADDLE joints – list [a]The first CMCJ and sternoclavicular joints.
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Arthrology reversed [qdeck]
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The first CMCJ and sternoclavicular joints are which type of joints?[a]SADDLE joints
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What is the band of thickened fascia which serves as a restraint for groups of tendons to prevent a “bowstring” effect?[a]Retinaculum
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What covers a tendon as a “tubular” extension of the synovial joint membrane?[a]Tendon Sheath
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What are the “sacks” filled with synovial fluid within the synovial membrane?[a]Bursa
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BALL & SOCKET are which type of joints? (hip and shoulder joints)[a]tri-axial joints
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Which type of joints are ELLIPSOID e.g. wrist joint, SADDLE and first CMCJ?[a]bi-axial joints
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HINGE and PIVOT are which type of joints?[a]uni-axial joints
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Which type of joint has bones that glide across each other (arthrodial) with surfaces that are flat?[a]non-axial joints
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Which type of joints are freely movable?[a] diarthrotic
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Which type of movement do Syndesmoses and Symphyses allow?[a]Amphiarthrotic joints allow a little movement
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Which type of joints are Sutures, Gomphoses and Synchondroses?[a]Synarthrotic joints – no movement
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What kind of ligaments are actually thickenings in part of the capsule?[a]capsular ligaments
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What kind of ligaments lie within the joint capsule space?[a]intracapsular ligaments
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What is the deep layer of a joint capsule?[a]synovial membrane
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Which layer surrounds joint, protects, deeper structures and interweaves with periosteum of articulating bones?[a]fibrous layer of a joint capsule
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Name the highly vascular connective tissue which surrounds, protects and provides nourishment to bone.[a]periosteum
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Hyaline cartilage makes what structure in a synovial joint?[a] articular cartilage
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Which type of joint is formed by an articular capsule?[a]Synovial joint
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Which type of joint is formed when the binding substance is hyaline cartilage? (e.g.sternocostal joints)[a]synchondrosis
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Which type of joint is formed when there are two bones with a disk of fibrocartilage between them?[a]symphysis
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Symphysis and synchondrosis are both which type of joint?[a]Cartilaginous joint
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Which type of joint is formed when the binding substance is ligament?[a]syndesmosis
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Which type of joint is formed by a tooth and its alveolus?[a]gomphosis
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Which type of joint binds the skull bones together?[a]suture
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Sutures, gomphoses, syndesmoses are which type of joints?[a]Fibrous joint types
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What kind of movement to uniaxial (monaxial) joints permit?[a]Movement in one plane, such as flexion/extension of the elbow.
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What kind of movement to diaxial (biaxial) joints permit?[a]Movement in two planes, such as flexion/extension and radial/ulnar deviation of the radiocarpal joint.
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What kind of movement to triaxial joints permit?[a]Movement in three planes, such as flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and rotation of the glenohumeral joint.
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Kinesiology [qdeck]
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Arthrology – define[a]This is the study of joints.
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Kinesiology – define[a]This is the study of movement.
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articulation – define[a]This is a structure where two or more bones are bound together by connective tissue.
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abduction – define[a]This type of movement directs bones away from the midline of the body.
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adduction – define[a]This type of movement directs bones toward the midline of the body. (return to anatomical position)
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radial deviation – define[a]This is the specific name for wrist abduction.
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ulnar deviation – define[a]This is the specific name for wrist adduction.
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lateral flexion – define[a]This type of movement bends the vertebral column sideways.
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rotation- define[a]Name the type of movement where a bone spins on its own axis or around the axis of another bone.
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lateral rotation aka[a]This is another name for external rotation.
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medial rotation aka[a]This is another name for internal rotation.
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supination – define[a]This movement rotates the forearm so the palm faces anteriorly.
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pronation- define[a]Pronation. Palm. Posterior. This movement rotates the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly.
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horizontal flexion/horizontal adduction – define[a]This movement occurs when the humerus, flexed at 90 degrees, moves toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane.
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horizontal extension/horizontal abduction – define[a]This movement occurs when the humerus, flexed at 90 degrees, moves away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane.
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circumduction – define[a]This movement occurs when the distal end of the bone moves in a circle while the proximal end remains stationary.
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true circumduction – define[a]This type of circumduction involves only one joint, such as the glenohumeral joint..
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false circumduction – define[a]This type of circumduction involves more than one joint, such as the cervical vertebrae.
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inversion (supination) – define[a]This movement occurs when the plantar surface of the foot moves toward the midline of the body. (medial surface raised)
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eversion (pronation) – define[a]This movement occurs when the plantar surface of the foot moves away from the midline of the body. (lateral surface raised)
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elevation – define[a]This movement occurs when the shoulder girdle, mandible, hyoid or ribs move in a superior direction. (eyebrows too)
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depression – define[a]This movement occurs when the shoulder girdle, mandible, hyoid and ribs move in an inferior direction.
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protraction – define[a]This movement occurs when the shoulder girdle or mandible move in an anterior direction.
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retraction – define[a]This movement occurs when the shoulder girdle or mandible move in a posterior direction.
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upward rotation of scapula – define[a]This movement occurs when the scapula rotates about its axis in so that the acromion moves superiorly and inferior angle moves laterally.
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downward rotation of scapula – define[a]This movement occurs when the scapula returns to anatomical position from upward rotation.
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Kinesiology reversed [qdeck]
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Which movement occurs when the scapula returns to anatomical position from upward rotation?[a]downward rotation of scapula
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Which movement occurs when the scapula rotates about its axis so that the acromion moves superiorly and the inferior angle moves laterally?[a]upward rotation of scapula
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Which movement occurs when the shoulder girdle or mandible move in a posterior direction?[a]retraction
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Which movement occurs when the shoulder girdle and mandible move in an anterior direction?[a]protraction
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Which movement occurs when the shoulder girdle, mandible, hyoid and ribs move in an inferior direction?[a]depression
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Which movement occurs when the shoulder girdle, mandible, hyoid or ribs move in a superior direction?[a]elevation
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Which movement occurs when the plantar surface of the foot moves away from the midline of the body? (lateral surface raised)[a]eversion (pronation)
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Which movement occurs when the plantar surface of the foot moves toward the midline of the body? (medial surface raised)[a]inversion (supination)
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Which type of circumduction involves more than one joint? i.e. the cervical vertebrae[a]false circumduction
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Which type of circumduction involves only one joint? i.e. the glenohumeral joint[a]true circumduction
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Which movement occurs when the distal end of the bone moves in a circle while the proximal end remains stationary?[a]circumduction
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Which movement occurs when the humerus, flexed at 90 degrees, moves away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane?[a]horizontal extension/horizontal abduction
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Which movement occurs when the humerus, flexed at 90 degrees, moves toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane?[a]horizontal flexion/horizontal adduction
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Which movement rotates the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly?[a]Pronation – Palm – Posterior
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Which movement rotates the forearm so the palm faces anteriorly?[a]supination
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What is another name for internal rotation?[a]medial rotation
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What is another name for external rotation?[a]lateral rotation
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Name the type of movement where a bone spins on its own axis or around the axis of another bone?[a]rotation
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Which type of movement bends the vertebral column sideways?[a]lateral flexion
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What is the specific name for wrist adduction?[a]ulnar deviation
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What is the specific name for wrist abduction?[a]radial deviation
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Which type of movement directs bones toward the midline of the body? (return to anatomical position)[a]adduction
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Which type of movement directs bones away from the midline of the body?[a]abduction
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Name the type of structure that occurs where two or more bones are bound together by connective tissue?[a]articulation
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What is the study of movement?[a]Kinesiology
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What is the study of joints?[a]Arthrology
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