Origin: STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID (SCM)[a]This muscle originates on the manubrium/sternum and the medial, superior clavicle.
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Insertion: STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID (SCM)[a]This muscle inserts on the mastoid process/temporal bone and occipital ridge.
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Origin: SCALENUS ANTERIOR, MEDIUS[a]This muscle originates on the transverse processes of C2-C7.
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Insertion: SCALENUS ANTERIOR, MEDIUS[a]This muscle inserts on R1.
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Origin: SCALENUS POSTERIOR[a]This muscle originates on the transverse processes of C2-C7.
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Insertion: SCALENUS POSTERIOR[a]This muscle inserts on R2.
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Origin: SPLENIUS CAPITIS[a]This muscle originates on the nuchal ligament, spinous processes (C3-T3).
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Insertion: SPLENIUS CAPITIS[a]This muscle inserts on the mastoid process/temporal bone (deep to SCM).
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Origin: SPLENIUS CERVICIS[a]This muscle originates on the upper thoracic spinous processes (T3-T6).
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Insertion: SPLENIUS CERVICIS[a]This muscle inserts on the transverse processes C1-C3.
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Action: STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID in unilateral contraction[a]This muscle in unilateral contraction does lateral flexion of the head and rotation to the opposite side .
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Action: scalenes in bilateral contraction[a]This muscle in bilateral contraction does neck flexion or elevation of R1 and R2 if the neck is fixed.
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Action: scalenes in unilateral contraction[a]This muscle in unilateral contraction does lateral flexion of the neck and rotation to the opposite side.
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Action: SPLENIUS CAPITIS in bilatereal contraction[a]This muscle in bilateral contraction does extension/hyperextension of the head.
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Action: SPLENIUS CAPITIS in unilateral contraction[a]This muscle in unilateral contraction does rotation of the head to the same side and lateral flexion.
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Action: SPLENIUS Cervicis in bilatereal contraction[a]This muscle in bilatereal contraction does extension/hyperextension of the neck.
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Action: SPLENIUS Cervicis in unilatereal contraction[a]This muscle in unilateral contraction does rotation of the neck to the same side.
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List the muscles of neck and head extension.[a]bilateral contraction of upper traps, levator scap, splenius capitis and cervicis, spinalis, longissimus, semispinalis, interspinalis, suboccipital group, multifidus, intertransversarii, rotatores.
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List the muscles of neck and head in lateral flexion.[a] unilateral contraction of SCM, scalenes, upper traps, levator scap, splenius capitis and servicis, spinalis, longissimus, suboccipital group, intertransversarii.
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List the muscles of neck and head rotation to the RIGHT.[a] LEFT SCM, upper traps, anterior scalene, transversospinalis group; RIGHT splenius muscles, levator scapula.
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Action: STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID (bilateral contraction)[a]This muscle does neck and head flexion. (It can also do head extention on C1)
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In which movement are these muscles synergists: scalenes, SCM[a] neck and head flexion.
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Muscles of the neck reversed
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Which muscle does neck and head flexion?[a] STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID (bilateral contraction)
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In which movement are these muscles synergists: LEFT SCM, upper traps, anterior scalene, transversospinalis group; RIGHT splenius muscles, levator scapula?[a] neck and head rotation to the right.
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In which movement are these muscles synergists: unilateral contraction of SCM, scalenes, upper traps, levator scap, splenius capitis and servicis, spinalis, longissimus, suboccipital group, intertransversarii?[a]neck and head lateral flexion.
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In which movement are these muscles synergists: bilateral contraction of upper traps, levator scap, splenius capitis and cervicis, spinalis, longissimus, semispinalis, interspinalis, suboccipital group, multifidus, intertransversarii, rotatores?[a] neck and head extension.
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Which muscle inserts on the transverse processes C1-C3?[a] SPLENIUS CERVICIS
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Which muscle originates on the upper thoracic spinous processes (T3-T6)?[a] SPLENIUS CERVICIS
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Which muscle inserts on the mastoid process/temporal bone (deep to SCM)?[a] SPLENIUS CAPITIS
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Which muscle originates on the nuchal ligament, spinous processes (C3-T3)?[a] SPLENIUS CAPITIS
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Which muscle inserts on R2?[a] SCALENUS POSTERIOR
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Which muscle originates on the transverse processes of C2-C7?[a] SCALENUS POSTERIOR
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Which muscle inserts on R1?[a] SCALENUS ANTERIOR, MEDIUS
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Which muscle originates on the transverse processes of C2-C7?[a] SCALENUS ANTERIOR, MEDIUS
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Which muscle inserts on the mastoid process/temporal bone and occipital ridge?[a] STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID (SCM)
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Which muscle originates on the manubrium/sternum and the medial, superior clavicle?[a] STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID (SCM)
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List the muscles of neck and head flexion.[a] scalenes, SCM
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Which muscle in unilateral contraction does rotation of the neck to the same side and lateral flexion?[a] SPLENIUS Cervicis
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Which muscle in bilatereal contraction does extension/hyperextension of the neck but not the head?[a] SPLENIUS Cervicis
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Which muscle in unilateral contraction does rotation of the head to the same side and lateral flexion?[a] SPLENIUS CAPITIS
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Which muscle in bilatereal contraction does extension/hyperextension of the head?[a] SPLENIUS CAPITIS
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Which muscles in unilateral contraction do lateral flexion of the neck and rotation to the opposite side?[a] scalenes and SCM
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Which muscle in bilateral contraction does neck flexion or elevation of R1 and R2 if the neck is fixed?[a] scalenes
Origin: RECTUS ABDOMINIS[a]This abdominal muscle originates on the pubic crest.
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Insertion: RECTUS ABDOMINIS[a]This abdominal muscle inserts on costal cartilages of ribs 5,6,7 and xiphoid process.
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Origin: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE[a]This abdominal muscle originates on the inferior 8 ribs (5-12), interdigitating with serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi.
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Insertion: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE[a]This abdominal muscle inserts on iliac crest, linea alba via abdominal aponeurosis.
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Origin: INTERNAL OBLIQUE[a]This abdominal muscle originates on the ASIS, iliac crest, and deep layer of thoracolumbar fascia.
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Insertion: INTERNAL OBLIQUE[a]This abdominal muscle inserts on the linea alba and inferior ribs (9-12).
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Origin: DIAPHRAGM[a]This muscle originates on the posterior xiphoid process, deep surface of lower ribs (7-12) and costal cartilages and the lumbar (L1-L3) vertebral bodies (via the CRURA, three large bundles of musculotendinous fibers).
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Insertion: DIAPHRAGM[a]This muscle inserts on the central tendon — an aponeurosis which does not attach to bone but lies at the top of the muscle, where all fibers come together.
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Attachments: EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS[a]This muscle originates on a superior rib and inserts on the rib below.
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Attachments: INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS[a]This muscle originates on an inferior rib and inserts on the rib above.
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List the muscles of trunk lateral flexion.[a] unilateral contraction of rectus abominis, external abdominal obliques, internal abdominal obliques, quadratus lumborum, erector spinae, intertransversarii.
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List the muscles of trunk rotation to the left.[a] RIGHT transversospinalis group, external abdominal obliques; LEFT internal abdominal obliques.
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Action: INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS[a]This muscle does depression of the ribs to exhale.
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Action: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE, INTERNAL OBLIQUE, and RECTUS ABDOMINUS[a]This 3 muscles do flexion of trunk and compression of abdomen.
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Action: DIAPHRAGM[a]This muscle does inhalation as it descends.
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Action: EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS[a]This muscle does elevation of the ribs to inhale.
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Action: TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS[a]This muscle does compression of abdomen only.
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Nickname for quadratus lumborum[a]This muscle is called the hip hiker.
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List the muscles of relaxed inhalation.[a] Diaphragm, external intercostals.
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This breathing action requires no muscles at all.[a]relaxed exhalation.
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List the muscles of trunk flexion.[a] rectus abdominis, external abdominal obliques, internal abdominal obliques.
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List the muscles of trunk extension.[a]: bilateral contraction of the quadratus lumborum, erector spinae, semispinalis. interspinalis, multifidus, intertransversarii, rotatores
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Action: QUADRATUS LUMBORUM in unilateral contraction[a]This muscle in unilateral contraction does lateral flexion, elevation of pelvis.(It acts as the hip hiker with a Fixed Insertion).
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Action: QUADRATUS LUMBORUM in bilateral contraction[a]This lower back muscle in bilateral contraction does extension of lumbar spine.
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Action: RECTUS ABDOMINIS[a]This muscle does flexion of trunk and compression of the abdomen.
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Action: TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS[a]This muscle does compression of abdomen only.
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Action: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE and internal oblique in bilateral contraction[a]These 2 muscles do flexion of trunk and compression of abdomen in bilateral contraction.
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Action: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE in unilateral contraction[a]This muscle in unilateral contraction does lateral flexion and rotation of trunk to the opposite side.
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Action: INTERNAL OBLIQUE in unilateral contraction[a]This muscle in unilateral contraction does lateral flexion of the trunk and rotation to the same side.
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Common Action: abdominal muscles[a]This muscle group does compression of the viscera as in forced exhalation.
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Common Action: Pubococcygeus, COCCYGEUS, Iliococcygeus, Puborectalis[a]These muscles support the abdominal floor.
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List the muscles of forced inhalation.[a] Diaphragm, external intercostals, scalenes, posterior superior obliques., pec minor, levatores, Quadratus lumborum, SCM, serratus anterior, pec major.
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List the muscles of forced exhalation.[a]abdominals, internal intercostals, serratus posterior inferior., Quadratus lumborum, iliocostalis.
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Muscles of the trunk reversed
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What are the actions of: Diaphragm, external intercostals?[a] relaxed inhalation.
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Which muscle is called the hip hiker?[a]quadratus lumborum
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Which muscle does compression of abdomen only?[a] TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
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Which 2 muscles do flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation of the trunk as well as compression of the viscera?[a] EXTERNAL OBLIQUE and INTERNAL OBLIQUE
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Which muscle does elevation of the ribs to inhale?[a] EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS
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Which muscle does inhalation as it descends?[a] DIAPHRAGM
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Which muscle does lateral flexion of the trunk, elevation of pelvis (Fixed Insertion)?[a] QUADRATUS LUMBORUM
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Which 3 muscles do flexion of trunk and compression of abdomen?[a] EXTERNAL OBLIQUE, INTERNAL OBLIQUE, and RECTUS ABDOMINUS
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Which muscle does depression of the ribs to exhale?[a] INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS
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In which movement are these muscles synergists: RIGHT external abdominal obliques; LEFT internal abdominal obliques?[a] trunk rotation to the left.
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In which movement are these muscles synergists: unilateral contraction of rectus abominis, external abdominal obliques, internal abdominal obliques, quadratus lumborum, erector spinae, intertransversarii?[a]trunk lateral flexion.
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Which muscle originates on an inferior rib and inserts on the rib above?[a] INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS
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Which muscle originates on a superior rib and inserts on the rib below?[a]EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS
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Which muscle inserts on the central tendon?[a] DIAPHRAGM
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Which muscle originates on the posterior xiphoid process, deep surface of lower ribs (7-12) and costal cartilages and the lumbar (L1-L3) vertebral bodies ?[a] DIAPHRAGM
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Which abdominal muscle inserts on the linea alba and inferior ribs (9-12)?[a] INTERNAL OBLIQUE
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Which abdominal muscle originates on the ASIS, iliac crest, and deep layer of thoracolumbar fascia?[a] INTERNAL OBLIQUE
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Which abdominal muscle inserts on iliac crest, linea alba via abdominal aponeurosis?[a] EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
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Which abdominal muscle originates on the inferior 8 ribs (5-12), interdigitating with serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi?[a] EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
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Which abdominal muscle inserts on costal cartilages of ribs 5,6,7 and xiphoid process?[a] RECTUS ABDOMINIS
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Which abdominal muscle originates on the pubic crest?[a] RECTUS ABDOMINIS
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Which posterior abdominal wall muscle inserts on lumbar (L1-L4) transverse processes (oblique fibers), R12?[a] QUADRATUS LUMBORUM
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Which posterior abdominal wall muscle originates on the posterior iliac crest?[a] QUADRATUS LUMBORUM
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In which movement are these muscles synergists: bilateral contraction of the quadratus lumborum, erector spinae, interspinalis, multifidus, intertransversarii, rotatores[a] trunk extension.
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In which movement are these muscles synergists: rectus abdominis, external abdominal obliques, internal abdominal obliques?[a] trunk flexion.
Attachments: INTERTRANSVERSARII[a]This paraspinal muscle goes from a transverse process to the next transverse process superior to it.
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Attachments: INTERSPINALES[a]This paraspinal muscle goes from a spinous process to the next spinous process superior to it.
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Attachments: LEVATORES[a]This paraspinal muscle goes from a transverse process to the rib immediately inferior.
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Action: ERECTOR SPINAE GROUP in bilateral contraction[a]This muscle in bilateral contraction does extension of the whole spine.
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Action: ERECTOR SPINAE GROUP in unilateral contraction[a]This muscle in unilateral contraction does lateral flexion of the whole spine.
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Action: SEMISPINALIS and MULTIFIUS in Bilateral contraction[a]TheseTRANSVERSOSPINALIS muscles in bilateral contraction do extension.
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Action: SEMISPINALIS and MULTIFIUS in unilateral contraction[a]These TRANSVERSOSPINALIS muscles in unilateral contraction do rotation to opposite side.
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Action: ROTATORES[a]This muscle does rotation of the vertebrae to the opposite side.
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What are the columns of the erector spinae from lateral to medial.[a]This group is composed of ILIOCOSTALIS, LONGISSIMUS and SPINALIS.
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What are the sections of the erector spinae from inferior to superior.[a] This muscle is divided into lumborum, thoracis, cervisis and capitis sections.
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List the muscles of the transverso spinalis group.[a] semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores.
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Action: INTERSPINALES[a]This deep back muscle only does extension of the vertebrae.
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Action: LEVATORES[a]This deep back muscle does elevation of the ribs and assists in rotation of the spine.
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Muscles of the spine reversed
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Which deep back muscle does elevation of the ribs and assists in rotation of the spine?[a] LEVATORES
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Which deep back muscle only does extension of the vertebrae?[a] INTERSPINALES
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Which muscle group group is composed of semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores?[a] The muscles of the transverso spinalis group.
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What muscle is divided into lumborum, thoracis, cervisis and capitis sections?[a]erector spinae from inferior to superior.
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Which group is composed of ILIOCOSTALIS, LONGISSIMUS and SPINALIS?[a] The columns of the erector spinae from lateral to medial.
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Which deep back muscle does only lateral flexion of the vertebrae in unilateral contraction?[a] INTERTRANSVERSARII
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Which TRANSVERSOSPINALIS muscles in unilateral contraction do rotation to opposite side?[a] SEMISPINALIS and MULTIFIUS
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Which TRANSVERSOSPINALIS muscles in bilateral contraction do extension?[a] SEMISPINALIS and MULTIFIUS
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Which muscle in unilateral contraction does lateral flexion of the whole spine?[a] ERECTOR SPINAE GROUP
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Which muscle in bilateral contraction does extension of the whole spine?[a] ERECTOR SPINAE GROUP
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Which paraspinal muscle goes from a transverse process to the rib immediately inferior?[a] LEVATORES
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Which paraspinal muscle goes from a spinous process to the next spinous process superior to it?[a] INTERSPINALES
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Which paraspinal muscle goes from a transverse process to the next transverse process superior to it?[a] INTERTRANSVERSARII
Action: CORRUGATOR SUPERCILII[a]This muscle furrows space between brows.
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Action: MENTALIS[a]This muscle draws lower lip forward (“pouting”).
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Action: PLATYSMA[a]This muscle is used in grimacing, screaming, can assist in depression of mandible.
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Origin: TEMPORALIS[a]This muscle originates on the temporal bone.
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Insertion: TEMPORALIS[a]This muscle inserts on the coronoid process/mandible.
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Origin: MASSETER[a]This muscle originates on the zygomatic arch.
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Insertion: MASSETER[a]This muscle inserts on the angle and ramus of mandible.
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Action: BUCCINATOR[a]This muscle draws cheeks inward, helps keep food in the mouth while chewing
[/qdeck]
Face reversed
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Which muscle is used in grimacing, screaming, can assist in depression of mandible?[a] PLATYSMA
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Which muscle draws lower lip forward (“pouting”)?[a] MENTALIS
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Which muscle furrows space between brows?[a] CORRUGATOR SUPERCILII
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Which muscle wrinkles forehead, raises eyebrows?[a] FRONTALIS
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Which muscle flares nostrils to increase pathway for air and enhance smelling?[a] NASALIS
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Which muscle smiles?[a] ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR
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Which muscle purses the lips when kissing?[a] ORBICULARIS ORIS
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Which muscle does squinting and closes the eye?[a] ORBICULARIS OCULI
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Which muscles do elevation of the mandible?[a] TEMPORALIS, MASSETER, MEDIAL PTERYGOID
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Which muscle does DEPRESSION and translation (to opposite side), protrusion of the mandible?[a] LATERAL PTERYGOID
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Which muscles are these: SUPERIOR RECTUS, MEDIAL RECTUS, INFERIOR RECTUS, INFERIOR OBLIQUE, LATERAL RECTUS, SUPERIOR OBLIQUE[a] the intrinsic muscles of the eye.
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Which muscle goes from the sphincter of the mouth to zygomatic arch?[a] ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR
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Which muscle goes around the mouth?[a] ORBICULARIS ORIS
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Which muscle goes around the eye?[a] Orbularis Oculi
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Which chewing muscle inserts on the mandibular condyle, articular disc of TMJ?[a]LATERAL PTERYGOID
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Which chewing muscle originates on the lateral plate of pterygoid process/sphenoid?[a] LATERAL PTERYGOID
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Which chewing muscle inserts on the angle of mandible, inferior surface?[a]MEDIAL PTERYGOID
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Which chewing muscle originates on the medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate?[a] MEDIAL PTERYGOID
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Which muscle inserts on the angle and ramus of mandible?[a] MASSETER
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Which muscle originates on the zygomatic arch?[a] MASSETER
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Which muscle inserts on the coronoid process/mandible?[a] TEMPORALIS
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Which muscle originates on the temporal bone?[a] TEMPORALIS
Fibrous joint – structure [a]This type of joint has a binding substance of dense fibrous connective tissue.
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Fibrous joint types – list [a]Sutures, gomphoses, syndesmoses
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suture – location[a]This type of joint binds the skull bones together.
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gomphosis – location[a]This type of joint is formed by a tooth and its alveolus.
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syndesmosis – structure [a]This type of joint is formed when the binding substance is ligament.
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Cartilaginous joint – structure [a]This type of joint is formed when the binding substance is cartilage.
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symphysis – structure [a]This type of joint is formed when there are two bones with disk of fibrocartilage between them.
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synchondrosis – structure [a]This type of joint is formed when the binding substance is hyaline cartilage. (e.g.sternocostal joints)
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Synovial joint – structure [a]This type of joint is formed by an articular capsule.
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What kind of cartilage covers the articulating surfaces of bones?[a]Hyaline cartilage
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periosteum – define[a]This is the highly vascular connective tissue which surrounds, protects and provides nourishment to bone.
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fibrous layer of a joint capsule – define[a]This layer surrounds the joint, protects deeper structures and interweaves with periosteum of articulating bones.
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synovial membrane – location[a]This is the deep layer of a joint capsule.
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intracapsular ligaments – location[a]This ligaments lie within the joint capsule space such as the cruciates of the knee.
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capsular ligaments – structure [a]This ligaments are actually thickenings in part of the capsule.
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Synarthrotic joints – list [a]This type of joints are Sutures, Gomphoses and Synchondroses. They don’t move.
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Amphiarthrotic joints – list [a]This type of joints are Syndesmoses and Symphyses. They move a little.
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What kind of movement do diarthrotic joints allow?[a]This type of joints are freely movable.
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non-axial joints – define[a]This type of joint has bones that glide across each other with surfaces that are flat.
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uni-axial joints – list types[a]HINGE and PIVOT
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bi-axial joints – list types [a] These joints include ELLIPSOID (e.g. wrist joint, first CMCJ) and saddle.
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tri-axial joints – list [a]BALL & SOCKET (hip and shoulder joints)
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Bursa – define[a]These are the “sacks” filled with synovial fluid within the synovial membrane.
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Tendon Sheath – define[a]This covers a tendon as a tubular extension of a snynovial joint membrane.
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Retinaculum – define[a]This is the band of thickened fascia which serves as a restraint for groups of tendons to prevent a “bowstring” effect.
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SADDLE joints – list [a]The first CMCJ and sternoclavicular joints.
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Arthrology reversed
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The first CMCJ and sternoclavicular joints are which type of joints?[a]SADDLE joints
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What is the band of thickened fascia which serves as a restraint for groups of tendons to prevent a “bowstring” effect?[a]Retinaculum
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What covers a tendon as a “tubular” extension of the synovial joint membrane?[a]Tendon Sheath
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What are the “sacks” filled with synovial fluid within the synovial membrane?[a]Bursa
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BALL & SOCKET are which type of joints? (hip and shoulder joints)[a]tri-axial joints
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Which type of joints are ELLIPSOID e.g. wrist joint, SADDLE and first CMCJ?[a]bi-axial joints
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HINGE and PIVOT are which type of joints?[a]uni-axial joints
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Which type of joint has bones that glide across each other (arthrodial) with surfaces that are flat?[a]non-axial joints
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Which type of joints are freely movable?[a] diarthrotic
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Which type of movement do Syndesmoses and Symphyses allow?[a]Amphiarthrotic joints allow a little movement
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Which type of joints are Sutures, Gomphoses and Synchondroses?[a]Synarthrotic joints – no movement
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What kind of ligaments are actually thickenings in part of the capsule?[a]capsular ligaments
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What kind of ligaments lie within the joint capsule space?[a]intracapsular ligaments
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What is the deep layer of a joint capsule?[a]synovial membrane
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Which layer surrounds joint, protects, deeper structures and interweaves with periosteum of articulating bones?[a]fibrous layer of a joint capsule
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Name the highly vascular connective tissue which surrounds, protects and provides nourishment to bone.[a]periosteum
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Hyaline cartilage makes what structure in a synovial joint?[a] articular cartilage
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Which type of joint is formed by an articular capsule?[a]Synovial joint
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Which type of joint is formed when the binding substance is hyaline cartilage? (e.g.sternocostal joints)[a]synchondrosis
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Which type of joint is formed when there are two bones with a disk of fibrocartilage between them?[a]symphysis
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Symphysis and synchondrosis are both which type of joint?[a]Cartilaginous joint
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Which type of joint is formed when the binding substance is ligament?[a]syndesmosis
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Which type of joint is formed by a tooth and its alveolus?[a]gomphosis
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Which type of joint binds the skull bones together?[a]suture
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Sutures, gomphoses, syndesmoses are which type of joints?[a]Fibrous joint types
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What kind of movement to uniaxial (monaxial) joints permit?[a]Movement in one plane, such as flexion/extension of the elbow.
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What kind of movement to diaxial (biaxial) joints permit?[a]Movement in two planes, such as flexion/extension and radial/ulnar deviation of the radiocarpal joint.
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What kind of movement to triaxial joints permit?[a]Movement in three planes, such as flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and rotation of the glenohumeral joint.
[/qdeck]
Kinesiology
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Arthrology – define[a]This is the study of joints.
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Kinesiology – define[a]This is the study of movement.
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articulation – define[a]This is a structure where two or more bones are bound together by connective tissue.
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abduction – define[a]This type of movement directs bones away from the midline of the body.
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adduction – define[a]This type of movement directs bones toward the midline of the body. (return to anatomical position)
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radial deviation – define[a]This is the specific name for wrist abduction.
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ulnar deviation – define[a]This is the specific name for wrist adduction.
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lateral flexion – define[a]This type of movement bends the vertebral column sideways.
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rotation- define[a]Name the type of movement where a bone spins on its own axis or around the axis of another bone.
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lateral rotation aka[a]This is another name for external rotation.
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medial rotation aka[a]This is another name for internal rotation.
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supination – define[a]This movement rotates the forearm so the palm faces anteriorly.
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pronation- define[a]Pronation. Palm. Posterior. This movement rotates the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly.
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horizontal flexion/horizontal adduction – define[a]This movement occurs when the humerus, flexed at 90 degrees, moves toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane.
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horizontal extension/horizontal abduction – define[a]This movement occurs when the humerus, flexed at 90 degrees, moves away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane.
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circumduction – define[a]This movement occurs when the distal end of the bone moves in a circle while the proximal end remains stationary.
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true circumduction – define[a]This type of circumduction involves only one joint, such as the glenohumeral joint..
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false circumduction – define[a]This type of circumduction involves more than one joint, such as the cervical vertebrae.
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inversion (supination) – define[a]This movement occurs when the plantar surface of the foot moves toward the midline of the body. (medial surface raised)
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eversion (pronation) – define[a]This movement occurs when the plantar surface of the foot moves away from the midline of the body. (lateral surface raised)
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elevation – define[a]This movement occurs when the shoulder girdle, mandible, hyoid or ribs move in a superior direction. (eyebrows too)
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depression – define[a]This movement occurs when the shoulder girdle, mandible, hyoid and ribs move in an inferior direction.
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protraction – define[a]This movement occurs when the shoulder girdle or mandible move in an anterior direction.
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retraction – define[a]This movement occurs when the shoulder girdle or mandible move in a posterior direction.
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upward rotation of scapula – define[a]This movement occurs when the scapula rotates about its axis in so that the acromion moves superiorly and inferior angle moves laterally.
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downward rotation of scapula – define[a]This movement occurs when the scapula returns to anatomical position from upward rotation.
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Kinesiology reversed
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Which movement occurs when the scapula returns to anatomical position from upward rotation?[a]downward rotation of scapula
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Which movement occurs when the scapula rotates about its axis so that the acromion moves superiorly and the inferior angle moves laterally?[a]upward rotation of scapula
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Which movement occurs when the shoulder girdle or mandible move in a posterior direction?[a]retraction
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Which movement occurs when the shoulder girdle and mandible move in an anterior direction?[a]protraction
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Which movement occurs when the shoulder girdle, mandible, hyoid and ribs move in an inferior direction?[a]depression
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Which movement occurs when the shoulder girdle, mandible, hyoid or ribs move in a superior direction?[a]elevation
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Which movement occurs when the plantar surface of the foot moves away from the midline of the body? (lateral surface raised)[a]eversion (pronation)
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Which movement occurs when the plantar surface of the foot moves toward the midline of the body? (medial surface raised)[a]inversion (supination)
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Which type of circumduction involves more than one joint? i.e. the cervical vertebrae[a]false circumduction
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Which type of circumduction involves only one joint? i.e. the glenohumeral joint[a]true circumduction
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Which movement occurs when the distal end of the bone moves in a circle while the proximal end remains stationary?[a]circumduction
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Which movement occurs when the humerus, flexed at 90 degrees, moves away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane?[a]horizontal extension/horizontal abduction
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Which movement occurs when the humerus, flexed at 90 degrees, moves toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane?[a]horizontal flexion/horizontal adduction
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Which movement rotates the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly?[a]Pronation – Palm – Posterior
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Which movement rotates the forearm so the palm faces anteriorly?[a]supination
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What is another name for internal rotation?[a]medial rotation
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What is another name for external rotation?[a]lateral rotation
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Name the type of movement where a bone spins on its own axis or around the axis of another bone?[a]rotation
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Which type of movement bends the vertebral column sideways?[a]lateral flexion
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What is the specific name for wrist adduction?[a]ulnar deviation
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What is the specific name for wrist abduction?[a]radial deviation
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Which type of movement directs bones toward the midline of the body? (return to anatomical position)[a]adduction
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Which type of movement directs bones away from the midline of the body?[a]abduction
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Name the type of structure that occurs where two or more bones are bound together by connective tissue?[a]articulation
