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Antigen – define[a] Anything that provokes an immune response. (GENeration of ANTIbodies)

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Antigens – list[a] Anything from outside the body, such as a molecule in the plasma membrane of a foreign cell, portion of a microbe, cilia or flagella, chemicals made by foreign cells.

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Pathogen – define[a] disease producing organism

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Pathogen – list[a]bacteria, viruses, fungi, amoebae, protozoans and parasites such as worms

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Bacteria – define[a] Cells that are much smaller than ours, with DNA dispersed rather than in a nucleus.

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Virus – define[a]Tiny organisms smaller than bacteria that consist of a protein outer core, and an inner core of DNA or RNA

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Bacteria – List diseases produced by[a] tuberculosis, urinary tract infections,strep throat, pneumonia

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Viruses – List diseases produced by[a] influenza (flu), the common cold and AIDS

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Innate defenses – describe[a] These defense mechanisms protect the body against a wide range of pathogens.

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Adaptive defenses – describe[a]These defense mechanisms protect the body against specific pathogenic organisms.

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Humoral immunity – function[a]This type of adaptive defense uses plasma proteins known as antibodies to attack and destroy a specific target in the body fluids.

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Cellular immunity – function[a] This type of adaptive defense uses T cells to destroy infected, abnormal or cancerous body cells.

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Innate defenses – list[a] skin, mucous membranes, NK cells, complement, inflammation, and interferons

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Interferons – describe[a] These proteins are released by infected cells which signal uninfected cells to activate defenses to block a virus’s ability to replicate.

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Complement – describe[a] These plasma proteins made by the liver circulate in an inactive state but which can be activated to destroy pathogens.

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Adaptive defense – characteristics[a] specific, systemwide and have memory

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What kind of cell is used in humoral immunity?[a]B cells

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What kind of cell is used in cellular immunity?[a]killer T cells

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Helper T Cells – function[a] These cells cause activation of killer T cells and B cells.

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Killer T Cells – function[a]These cells leave the lymph node, enter circulation, and seeks and destroy infected/abnormal body cells.

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Suppressor T Cells – function[a] These cells are responsible for turning adaptive immunity off once a pathogen/antigen has been eliminated.

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B cells – function[a]These cells form a clonal population of plasma cells and begin producing antibodies.

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Antibodies – define[a] These are proteins that bind to and destroy specific antigens.

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Cytolysis – define[a] cell destruction

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Memory B and T cells – function[a]These cells provide a much more rapid response should the pathogen enter the body again. (subsequent exposure)

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Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) – function[a] This molecule marker on the membrane allows the immune system to recognize host cells (Cells of it’s own body).

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Which type of cells provide a much more rapid response should the pathogen enter the body again?[a]Memory B and T cells

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Which term describes cell destruction?[a]Cytolysis

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What are large proteins that bind to and destroy specific antigens?[a]Antibodies

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Which type of cells form a clonal population of plasma cells and begin producing antibodies?[a]B cells

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Which type of cells are responsible for turning adaptive immunity off once a pathogen/antigen has been eliminated?[a]Suppressor T Cells

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Which type of cell leaves the lymph node, enters circulation, seeks and destroys infected/abnormal body cells?[a]Killer T Cells

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Which type of cell causes activation of killer T cells and B cells?[a]Helper T Cells

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Which type of adaptive defense allows killer T cells to destroy infected body cells to provide immunity?[a]cellular immunity

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Which type of adaptive defense allows B cells to make antibodies to provide immunity?[a]humoral immunity

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Which type of defense mechanisms are: specific, systemwide and have memory?[a]Adaptive defense (Immunity)

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Which type of innate defenses are plasma proteins made by the liver which circulate in an inactive state but which can be activated to destroy pathogens?[a]Complement

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Which kind of proteins are released by infected cells which signal uninfected cells to activate defenses to block a virus’s ability to replicate?[a]Interferons

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Which type of defense mechanisms do the skin, mucous membranes, NK cells, complement, inflammation, and interferons contribute to?[a]Innate defenses

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Which type of adaptive defense uses T cells to destroy infected, abnormal or cancerous body cells?[a]Cellular immunity

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Which type of adaptive defense uses plasma proteins known as antibodies to attack and destroy a specific target in the body fluids?[a]Humoral immunity

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Which type of defense mechanisms include humoral immunity and cellular immunity?[a]Adaptive defenses(Immunity)

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Which type of defense mechanisms protect the body against specific pathogenic organisms?[a]Adaptive defenses(Immunity)

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Which type of general defense mechanisms protect the body against a wide range of pathogens?[a]Innate (General) defenses

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Which type of pathogen can cause influenza (flu), the common cold and AIDS?[a]Viruses

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Which type of pathogen can cause tuberculosis, urinary tract infections,strep throat, and pneumonia?[a]Bacteria

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What are tiny organisms smaller than bacteria that consist of a protein outer core, an inner core of DNA, RNA and enzymes?[a]Virus

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What are cells that are much smaller than ours, lacking nuclei and mitochondria?[a]Bacteria

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What are bacteria, viruses, fungi, amoebae, protozoans and parasites such as worms?[a]Pathogen

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Which term describes a disease producing organism?[a]Pathogen

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Which term describes anything that provokes an immune response?[a]Antigen

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