Digestive System 1
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Proteins – composition[a]Peptides
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Peptides – composition[a]Amino Acids
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Lipids – composition[a]Glycerol, monoglycerides, Fatty acids
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Carbohydrates – composition[a]Dextrins
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Dextrins – composition[a]Disaccharides
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Disaccharides – composition[a]Monosaccharides
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Monosaccharides – list[a] glucose, fructose and galactose
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Ingestion – define[a]eating
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Peristalsis – define[a] movement of bolus through GI tract
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Digestion – define[a]mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
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Absorption – define[a] the passage of molecules through capillary walls into blood stream
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Defecation – define[a] the elimination of feces (wastes and non-digestible substances) from the body
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Chyme – define[a]a bolus mixed with digestive juice
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Bolus – define[a] a chunk of swallowed food
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Lacteals – function[a] Lymph caps through which glycerides and fatty acids enter the body
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Blood capillaries – function[a]Structures through which monosaccharides and amino acids enter the body
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Alimentary Canal aka[a]Digestive Tract
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Accessory Organs – list[a] Teeth, Tongue, Salivary glands, Gastric glands, Pancreas, Liver and Gallbladder
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Parasympathetic control of digestive system is via which nerves[a] Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) Facial (CN VII) Vagus (CN X) and Sacral Nerves
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Tunica Mucosa – define[a] innermost layer of GI tract
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Tunica Submucosa – define[a] the layer of highly vascularized loose conntective tissue for secretion and absorption
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Tunica Muscularis – define[a] the muscular layer that generates peristalsis
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Tunica Serosa aka[a] the visceral peritoneum
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Peritoneum – define[a] the largest serous membrane in body, lining the ventral cavity
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Visceral Peritoneum – define[a]the layer of the peritoneum attached to organs (tunica serosa)
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Parietal Peritoneum – define[a]the layer of the peritoneum attached to the body wall.
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Digestive System 1 reversed
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Which term describes the layer of the peritoneum attached to body wall?[a]Parietal Peritoneum
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Which term describes the layer of the peritoneum attached to organs?[a]Visceral Peritoneum
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Which term describes the largest serous membrane in body, lining the ventral cavity?[a]Peritoneum
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Which term is also know as the visceral peritoneum?[a]Tunica Serosa
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Which term describes the layer that generates peristalsis?[a]Tunica Muscularis
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Which term describes the layer of the GI tract specialized for secretion and absorption?[a]Tunica Submucosa
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Which term describes the innermost layer of GI tract?[a]Tunica Mucosa
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The following nerves provide which type of control of digestive system? Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) Facial (CN VII) Vagus (CN X) and Sacral Nerves[a]Parasympathetic
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These are examples of which type of organs: Teeth, Tongue, Salivary glands, Gastric glands, Pancreas, Liver and Gallbladder?[a]Accessory Organs
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Digestive Tract aka[a]Alimentary Canal
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Through which structures do monosaccharides and amino acids enter the body?[a]Blood capillaries
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Through which structures do monoglycerides and fatty acids enter the body?[a]Lacteals
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Which term describes a chunk of swallowed food?[a]Bolus
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Which term describes a bolus mixed with digestive juice?[a]Chyme
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Which term describes the elimination of feces (wastes and non-digestible substances) from the body?[a]Defecation
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Which term describes the passage of molecules through capillary walls into blood stream?[a]Absorption
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Which term describes mechanical and chemical breakdown of food?[a]Digestion
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Which term describes the movement of bolus through GI tract?[a]Peristalsis
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Which term describes eating?[a]Ingestion
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Which class of carbohydrates make up glucose, fructose and galactose?[a]Monosaccharides
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Monosaccharides are the building blocks of which nutritional substance?[a]Disaccharides
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Disaccharides are the building blocks of which nutritional substance?[a]Dextrins (polysaccharides)
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Dextrins are the building blocks of which nutritional substance?[a]Carbohydrates (polysaccharides)
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Glycerol, monoglycerides, Fatty acids are the building blocks of which nutritional substance?[a]Lipids
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Amino Acids are the building blocks of which nutritional substance?[a]Peptides and proteins
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Digestive system deck 2
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Salivary glands – list[a] sublingual submandibular and parotid
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salivary amylase – function[a]This substance functions in chemical breakdown of carbohydrates to dextrins.
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Pharynx – define[a]The tube of skeletal muscle with two outlets that sends food to the esophagus & air to the trachea.
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Epiglottis – define[a]The flap of tissue that closes trachea during swallowing.
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Deglutition – define[a]The process of swallowing.
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Saliva – function[a]This substance provides lubrication, moistens food, begins carb digestion, and is antibacterial.
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Pepsin – function[a]This substance functions in chemical breakdown of proteins to amino acids.
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Esophagus – define[a]A the 10” tube of muscle which moves food from the pharynx to stomach.
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Cardiac sphincter – define[a]The sphincter between esophagus and stomach that prevents acid reflux/heart burn.
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Stomach – function[a]This organ will breakdown proteins, absorb vitamin B12 and store chyme for 2-6 hours.
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Stomach – structure[a]This organ is the hollow sack inferior to diaphragm on left side containing rugae.
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Rugae – define[a]The folds in stomach allowing it to stretch as more food enters.
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Small Intestine – describe[a]T the 25 foot tube lined with villi linking the stomach to the large intestine.
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HCl – function[a]This substance converts pepsinogen into pepsin in the stomach and denatures proteins.
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Intrinsic Factor – function[a]This substance, secreted by the stoamch, helps with absorption of vitamin B12 which is essential for erythropoiesis.
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Duodenum – define[a]The first section of the small intestine, about 1 foot long.
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Jejunum – define[a]The second section of the small intestine, about 8 feet long.
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Ileum – define[a]The third section of the small intestine, about 12 feet long.
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Duodenum – function[a]The first part of the small intestine, into which the stomach, pancreatic duct and common bile ducts drain.
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Digestive system deck 2 reversed
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Which structure do the stomach, pancreatic duct and common bile duct drain into?[a]Duodenum
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Which term describes the third section of the small intestine, about 12 feet long?[a]Ileum
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Which term describes the second section of the small intestine, about 8 feet long?[a]Jejunum
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Which term describes the first section of the small intestine, about 1 foot long?[a]Duodenum
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Which substance helps with absorption of vitamin B12 which is essential for erythropoiesis?[a]Intrinsic Factor
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Which substance converts pepsinogen into pepsin in the stomach and denatures proteins?[a]HCl
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Which term describes the 25 foot tube lined with villi?[a]Small Intestine
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Which term describes the folds in stomach so it can stretch as more food enters?[a]Rugae
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Which organ is the hollow sack inferior to diaphragm on left side containing rugae?[a]Stomach – structure
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Which organ will breakdown proteins, absorb vitamin B12 and store chyme for 2-6 hours?[a]Stomach
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Which term describes the sphincter between esophagus and stomach that prevents acid reflux/heart burn?[a]Cardiac sphincter
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Which term describes the 10” tube of muscle which moves food from the pharynx to stomach?[a]Esophagus
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Which substance functions in chemical breakdown of proteins to amino acids?[a]Pepsin
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Which substance provides lubrication, moistens food, begins carb digestion, and is antibacterial?[a]Saliva
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Which term describes the process of swallowing?[a]Deglutition
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Which term describes the flap of tissue that closes trachea during swallowing?[a]Epiglottis
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Which term describes the tube of skeletal muscle with two outlets that sends food to the esophagus & air to the trachea?[a]Pharynx
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Which substance functions in chemical breakdown of carbohydrates to dextrin?[a]salivary amylase
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Where does the mechanical breakdown of food occur?[a]Mouth and stomach
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